Hiatus Hernia: Causes, Symptoms, and Advanced Treatment
Hiatus hernia (hiatal hernia) occurs when a part of the stomach pushes upward through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. The diaphragm normally helps keep stomach acid in place; when a hiatus hernia develops, it can lead to acid reflux and other digestive problems. While some people have no symptoms, others may experience significant discomfort requiring medical or surgical treatment.
Causes and Risk Factors
Hiatus hernia can develop due to increased pressure in the abdomen or weakening of the diaphragm. Common causes and risk factors include:
- Chronic coughing or straining
- Obesity or excess abdominal weight
- Pregnancy
- Heavy lifting
- Age-related muscle weakness
- Persistent constipation
- Injury or trauma to the diaphragm
Common Symptoms
Many patients may be asymptomatic. When symptoms occur, they commonly include:
- Heartburn or acid reflux
- Regurgitation of food or acid
- Chest pain or discomfort
- Difficulty swallowing
- Bloating and belching
- Shortness of breath in large hernias
- Worsening reflux when lying down
Persistent or severe symptoms should be evaluated by a specialist.
Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Diagnosis is confirmed through upper GI endoscopy, barium swallow X-ray, and imaging studies.
Treatment Options Include:
- Lifestyle modifications (diet changes, weight management)
- Medications to control acid reflux
- Laparoscopic or robotic surgery for severe or complicated cases
Surgical repair involves repositioning the stomach and strengthening the diaphragm opening, often with anti-reflux procedures.
Conclusion
Hiatus hernia is a manageable condition, but untreated severe cases can significantly affect daily life. With early diagnosis and advanced minimally invasive surgery, effective and lasting relief is possible. Under the expert care of Dr. Arvind Manoharam, patients receive safe, precise, and personalized treatment for hiatus hernia—helping them return to a healthier, more comfortable life.
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